Microstrip antennas are a type of antenna that consists of a thin, flat metal patch mounted on a dielectric substrate. They are popular in wireless communication due to their low profile, lightweight design, and ease of fabrication. These antennas can be easily integrated into various devices, making them suitable for applications in mobile phones, satellites, and other electronic equipment. The operation of microstrip antennas is based on the principle of radiating electromagnetic waves. The size and shape of the metal patch determine the frequency and radiation pattern of the antenna. Common configurations include rectangular and circular patches, which can be designed to meet specific performance requirements in different wireless communication applications.