Metacognitive knowledge refers to an individual's awareness and understanding of their own thought processes. It involves knowing what strategies work best for learning and problem-solving, as well as recognizing one's strengths and weaknesses in these areas. This type of knowledge helps people plan, monitor, and evaluate their learning activities effectively. There are three main components of metacognitive knowledge: declarative knowledge, which is knowing about oneself as a learner; procedural knowledge, which involves knowing how to use various strategies; and conditional knowledge, which is understanding when and why to use these strategies. Together, these components enhance learning and improve academic performance.