Mercury contamination occurs when mercury, a toxic heavy metal, enters the environment and accumulates in water, soil, and living organisms. This can happen through natural processes, such as volcanic eruptions, or human activities like mining and industrial emissions. Once in the environment, mercury can transform into a more toxic form called methylmercury, which can build up in fish and other wildlife. When people consume contaminated fish or seafood, they can be exposed to harmful levels of mercury. This exposure can lead to serious health issues, particularly affecting the nervous system, especially in vulnerable populations like pregnant women and young children. Reducing mercury emissions and monitoring contaminated areas are essential steps to protect public health.