Melanins are natural pigments found in most organisms, including humans. They are responsible for the color of skin, hair, and eyes. There are different types of melanins, such as eumelanin, which is dark brown or black, and pheomelanin, which is yellow or red. The amount and type of melanin produced by the body are influenced by genetics and environmental factors, such as exposure to sunlight. In humans, melanins play a crucial role in protecting the skin from harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation. By absorbing UV rays, melanins help reduce the risk of skin damage and skin cancer. The production of melanin increases with sun exposure, leading to a tan, which is the body's way of providing additional protection.