Mathematicians are individuals who specialize in the study of mathematics, which involves numbers, shapes, and patterns. They use logical reasoning and problem-solving skills to explore mathematical concepts and develop theories. Their work can range from pure mathematics, which focuses on abstract concepts, to applied mathematics, which addresses real-world problems in fields like science and engineering. Many mathematicians work in academia, teaching and conducting research, while others may work in industries such as finance, technology, or engineering. They often collaborate with scientists and engineers to solve complex problems, contributing to advancements in areas like computer science, physics, and statistics.