Henri Poincaré was a French mathematician, physicist, and philosopher born on April 29, 1854. He is often regarded as one of the founders of topology and made significant contributions to various fields, including celestial mechanics and the theory of dynamical systems. His work laid the groundwork for modern mathematics and influenced many areas of science. Poincaré is also known for his insights into the nature of mathematical thought and the philosophy of science. He introduced the concept of Poincaré conjecture, which became a central problem in topology until it was solved in 2003. His legacy continues to impact mathematics and physics today.