mTORC1 is a protein complex that plays a crucial role in regulating cell growth, metabolism, and protein synthesis. It responds to various signals, including nutrients, growth factors, and energy levels, helping cells adapt to their environment. By promoting anabolic processes, mTORC1 supports cell proliferation and tissue growth. When activated, mTORC1 enhances the translation of specific mRNAs, leading to increased production of proteins necessary for cell function. Dysregulation of mTORC1 has been linked to several diseases, including cancer and metabolic disorders, making it an important target for therapeutic interventions.