Lung disease refers to a variety of conditions that affect the lungs and hinder their ability to function properly. Common types include asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and pneumonia. These diseases can cause symptoms such as coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath, and chest pain, impacting a person's overall health and quality of life. Many factors can contribute to lung disease, including smoking, exposure to pollutants, and genetic predispositions. Diagnosis often involves medical history, physical examinations, and tests like chest X-rays or lung function tests. Treatment options vary and may include medications, lifestyle changes, or in severe cases, surgery.