Load-bearing capacity refers to the maximum weight or load that a structure, such as a building or bridge, can safely support without risking failure or collapse. This capacity is determined by various factors, including the materials used, the design of the structure, and the conditions of the environment. Engineers assess load-bearing capacity through calculations and tests to ensure safety and stability. It is crucial in construction and civil engineering, as it helps prevent accidents and ensures that structures can withstand everyday use, as well as unexpected forces like earthquakes or heavy snowfall.