Lighting calculations are the process of determining the amount of light needed for a specific space to ensure adequate visibility and comfort. These calculations consider factors such as the size of the area, the type of activities performed, and the characteristics of the light sources used. To perform lighting calculations, professionals often use formulas and software tools that take into account the intensity of light, the distribution of light fixtures, and the reflectance of surfaces. This helps in designing effective lighting systems that meet safety standards and enhance the overall ambiance of the environment.