Liberalism is a political and economic philosophy that emphasizes individual freedoms, equality, and democracy. It advocates for the protection of personal rights and liberties, allowing people to express themselves and pursue their own interests. This ideology often supports free markets and limited government intervention in the economy, believing that such conditions foster innovation and prosperity. At its core, liberalism promotes the idea that everyone should have equal opportunities, regardless of their background. It encourages social progress and reform, aiming to create a fair society where diverse voices are heard. Key figures in the development of liberal thought include philosophers like John Locke and John Stuart Mill.