Lean is a management philosophy focused on maximizing value while minimizing waste. It originated from the Toyota Production System and emphasizes efficiency in processes by identifying and eliminating non-value-added activities. The goal is to create more value for customers with fewer resources. In a lean environment, teams use various tools and techniques, such as 5S and Kaizen, to improve workflows and enhance productivity. By fostering a culture of continuous improvement, organizations can respond more effectively to customer needs and adapt to changing market conditions, ultimately leading to better performance and profitability.