Leaf color is primarily determined by the presence of pigments, which are substances that absorb light. The most common pigments in leaves are chlorophyll, which gives leaves their green color, and carotenoids, which can produce yellow and orange hues. The balance of these pigments can change with the seasons, affecting the overall color of the leaves. In autumn, as temperatures drop and daylight decreases, chlorophyll breaks down, revealing the carotenoids and other pigments. This process leads to the vibrant reds, oranges, and yellows often seen in deciduous trees. Factors like weather, soil nutrients, and species also influence leaf color changes.