kimberlite pipes
Kimberlite pipes are geological formations that originate deep within the Earth's mantle. They are created by volcanic eruptions that bring material from the mantle to the surface. These pipes are typically funnel-shaped and can contain valuable minerals, including diamonds, which are formed under high-pressure conditions.
The formation of kimberlite pipes is often associated with specific tectonic settings, such as ancient continental crust. They can vary in size and depth, and their discovery is significant for diamond mining industries, as they serve as primary sources for extracting diamonds and other precious stones.