Kazılar are archaeological excavations conducted to uncover artifacts, structures, and other historical materials buried beneath the ground. These digs help researchers understand past human activities, cultures, and civilizations by revealing items like pottery, tools, and bones. During a kazı, archaeologists carefully remove layers of soil to preserve the context of the findings. Each layer can provide valuable information about the time period and the people who lived there. The process often involves meticulous documentation and analysis to ensure that the discoveries contribute to our knowledge of history.