jumping genes
Jumping genes, also known as transposons, are segments of DNA that can move around within a genome. They can insert themselves into different locations in the DNA, which can affect how genes are expressed. This movement can lead to genetic diversity and evolution, as well as potential mutations.
These genes were first discovered by Barbara McClintock in the 1940s while studying maize (corn). She found that these mobile genetic elements could influence traits in the plants. Today, jumping genes are recognized as important players in genetics, contributing to both beneficial adaptations and genetic disorders.