The package java.util.logging is a part of the Java Standard Library that provides a framework for logging messages in Java applications. It allows developers to record information about the execution of their programs, which can be useful for debugging and monitoring. The logging framework supports different log levels, such as INFO, WARNING, and SEVERE, enabling developers to categorize messages based on their importance. Within java.util.logging, the main components include Logger, Handler, and Formatter. The Logger class is used to create log messages, while Handler manages how these messages are output, such as to the console or a file. Formatter defines the format of the log messages, allowing for customization in how information is presented.