Isoprenoids, also known as terpenoids, are a large class of organic compounds derived from isoprene, a simple five-carbon molecule. They play essential roles in various biological processes and are found in many plants and animals. Isoprenoids contribute to the formation of essential oils, hormones, and vitamins, making them vital for life. These compounds are characterized by their structure, which consists of multiple isoprene units linked together. Isoprenoids can be classified into different categories based on their size, such as monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, and diterpenes. They are widely used in industries, including pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and food flavoring.