Iron deficiency occurs when the body lacks enough iron, an essential mineral needed for producing hemoglobin, the protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen. This deficiency can lead to anemia, a condition characterized by fatigue, weakness, and pale skin. Common causes of iron deficiency include inadequate dietary intake, blood loss from menstruation or injury, and certain medical conditions that affect absorption. Foods rich in iron include red meat, beans, and leafy greens. If left untreated, iron deficiency can lead to more serious health issues, making it important to seek medical advice if symptoms arise.