Intrauterine insemination (IUI) is a fertility treatment that involves placing sperm directly into a woman's uterus during ovulation. This procedure increases the chances of sperm reaching the egg, as it bypasses the cervix. IUI is often used for couples facing infertility issues, single women, or same-sex couples wishing to conceive. The IUI process typically begins with monitoring the woman's ovulation cycle, often using medications to stimulate ovulation. Once the egg is ready, a healthcare provider collects sperm, which may be from a partner or a donor, and then injects it into the uterus using a thin catheter.