Integration testing is a software testing phase where individual components or modules of a system are combined and tested as a group. The main goal is to identify any issues that arise when these components interact with each other. This helps ensure that the integrated parts work together as intended, providing a more comprehensive evaluation of the system's functionality. During integration testing, various approaches can be used, such as top-down, bottom-up, or sandwich testing. Each method focuses on different aspects of the integration process. By conducting these tests, developers can catch bugs early, improve system reliability, and enhance overall software quality before the final release.