Indirect rule is a system of governance where colonial powers, like the British Empire, maintain control over a territory by using local leaders and institutions. Instead of imposing direct administration, they allow existing local rulers to manage day-to-day affairs, while the colonial power retains ultimate authority. This approach was often seen in regions like Africa and India, where traditional leaders were co-opted to enforce colonial policies. This method aimed to reduce administrative costs and resistance by leveraging familiar local structures. However, it sometimes led to conflicts, as local leaders had to balance their loyalty to the colonial power with the expectations of their own people.