Indigenous counting systems refer to the various numerical methods used by indigenous cultures around the world. These systems often reflect the unique cultural, environmental, and social contexts of the communities that use them. For example, some systems may be based on natural elements, such as counting using fingers, toes, or objects found in the environment. Many indigenous counting systems are non-decimal and can vary significantly between different groups. Some cultures use base-5 or base-20 systems, while others may have specific terms for numbers that reflect their daily lives, such as counting animals or plants. Understanding these systems provides insight into the rich diversity of human cognition and cultural practices.