Image optimization is the process of reducing the file size of images without significantly compromising their quality. This is important for improving website loading times, enhancing user experience, and boosting search engine rankings. Techniques include resizing images, compressing file formats, and using appropriate resolutions for different devices. Additionally, image optimization involves using descriptive file names and alt text to improve accessibility and SEO. Tools and software can assist in automating these processes, making it easier for web developers and content creators to ensure their images are efficient and effective for online use.