Ignition timing refers to the precise moment when the spark plug in an internal combustion engine fires to ignite the air-fuel mixture in the combustion chamber. This timing is crucial because it affects engine performance, efficiency, and emissions. If the spark occurs too early or too late, it can lead to issues such as knocking, reduced power, or increased fuel consumption. Proper ignition timing is typically measured in degrees before or after top dead center (TDC), which is the highest point of the piston’s travel. Engine control units (ECUs) often adjust ignition timing dynamically based on various factors, including engine speed, load, and temperature, to optimize performance and fuel efficiency.