Hydrolysis is a chemical process in which water molecules break down a compound, resulting in the formation of new substances. This reaction typically involves the addition of water to a larger molecule, causing it to split into smaller components. Hydrolysis is essential in various biological processes, such as digestion, where complex food molecules are broken down into simpler forms. In addition to biological systems, hydrolysis is also important in industrial applications. For example, in the production of soap, fats undergo hydrolysis to produce fatty acids and glycerol. This reaction is crucial for creating many everyday products, including detergents and cosmetics.