Humanism is a philosophical and ethical stance that emphasizes the value and agency of human beings. It focuses on human interests, values, and dignity, often advocating for reason, science, and individual rights. Humanists believe in the potential for human progress and the importance of critical thinking and empirical evidence in understanding the world. Rooted in the Renaissance, humanism encourages a shift away from religious dogma towards a more secular worldview. It promotes the study of classical texts and the arts, celebrating human creativity and achievements. Notable figures associated with humanism include Erasmus and Pico della Mirandola, who contributed to its development during the 16th century.