The human genome is the complete set of genetic information found in humans. It consists of approximately 3 billion DNA base pairs, which are organized into 23 pairs of chromosomes. Each chromosome contains many genes, which are segments of DNA that provide instructions for making proteins essential for the body's functions. The study of the human genome is crucial for understanding human biology and disease. It has led to advancements in fields like genetics, medicine, and biotechnology. The Human Genome Project, completed in 2003, was a landmark scientific endeavor that mapped the entire human genome, paving the way for personalized medicine and genetic research.