Hornworts are small, non-vascular plants that belong to the group of bryophytes, which also includes mosses and liverworts. They typically grow in damp environments, such as soil, rocks, or shallow water. Hornworts are named for their unique horn-like structures that emerge from their flat, leafy bodies. These structures are actually spore-producing organs that help in the plant's reproduction.
Unlike many other plants, hornworts have a simple structure and do not have true roots, stems, or leaves. They play an important role in their ecosystems by helping to retain moisture and providing habitat for small organisms. Additionally, hornworts can contribute to soil formation and nutrient cycling, making them valuable to their environments.