Heart defects are problems with the structure of the heart that are present at birth, known as congenital heart defects. These defects can affect the heart's walls, valves, or blood vessels, leading to issues with blood flow. Some common types include ventricular septal defect and atrial septal defect, which involve holes in the heart's walls. Symptoms of heart defects can vary widely, ranging from mild to severe. Some children may show no signs, while others might experience difficulty breathing, fatigue, or poor growth. Early diagnosis and treatment are essential for managing these conditions and improving quality of life.