Hammer toe is a foot condition where one or more toes bend downward at the middle joint, resembling a hammer. This deformity can affect any toe but commonly involves the second, third, or fourth toes. It often results from wearing tight shoes, muscle imbalances, or certain medical conditions. Symptoms of hammer toe include pain, discomfort, and difficulty walking. The affected toe may also develop corns or calluses due to friction against footwear. Treatment options range from changing shoes to exercises, splints, or, in severe cases, surgery to correct the toe's position.