Ground-based sensors are devices placed on the Earth's surface to collect data about various environmental conditions. They can measure factors such as temperature, humidity, soil moisture, and air quality. These sensors play a crucial role in fields like agriculture, meteorology, and environmental monitoring, providing real-time information that helps in decision-making. These sensors often work in conjunction with other technologies, such as satellites and drones, to enhance data accuracy and coverage. By integrating data from ground-based sensors, researchers and policymakers can better understand climate change, manage natural resources, and improve public health initiatives.