A gratin is a culinary dish that typically features a layer of ingredients, such as vegetables, potatoes, or pasta, topped with a mixture of cheese and breadcrumbs. The dish is baked until the top is golden brown and crispy, creating a delicious contrast to the tender ingredients underneath. Gratin can be served as a side dish or a main course. The term "gratin" comes from the French word "gratter," meaning "to scrape." This cooking technique is popular in various cuisines, with variations like potato gratin and vegetable gratin. It highlights the flavors of the main ingredients while adding a rich, crunchy texture.