Graphic design principles are fundamental guidelines that help create visually appealing and effective designs. These principles include balance, contrast, alignment, repetition, and proximity. Balance ensures that elements are evenly distributed, while contrast highlights differences to draw attention. Alignment organizes elements for a clean look, and repetition creates consistency across designs. Proximity groups related items together, enhancing clarity. Understanding these principles allows designers to communicate messages effectively and engage viewers. By applying these concepts, designers can create layouts that are not only attractive but also functional, ensuring that the intended message is conveyed clearly and efficiently.