Graph algorithms are methods used to solve problems related to graphs, which are mathematical structures made up of nodes (or vertices) connected by edges. These algorithms help in finding the shortest path, detecting cycles, and determining connectivity among nodes. Common examples include Dijkstra's algorithm for shortest paths and Kruskal's algorithm for minimum spanning trees. These algorithms are widely used in various fields, such as computer science, transportation, and social network analysis. They enable efficient data processing and decision-making by modeling relationships and interactions, making them essential tools in both theoretical and practical applications.