Granulite is a high-grade metamorphic rock characterized by its coarse-grained texture and composition, primarily consisting of quartz, feldspar, and various minerals like biotite and garnet. It forms under high temperatures and pressures, typically found in the Earth's crust, often associated with tectonic processes such as continental collision. The formation of granulite occurs deep within the Earth, where conditions are extreme. This rock type is significant in geology as it provides insights into the thermal history and tectonic evolution of regions. Granulite can also serve as a host rock for valuable minerals, making it important in economic geology.