A goiter is an enlargement of the thyroid gland, which is located in the front of the neck. This condition can occur due to various reasons, including iodine deficiency, autoimmune diseases like Graves' disease, or nodules forming within the gland. Goiters can be small and cause no symptoms, or they can grow large enough to cause discomfort or difficulty swallowing. In many cases, goiters are associated with changes in thyroid hormone levels, leading to conditions such as hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism. Treatment options depend on the underlying cause and may include medication, iodine supplementation, or surgery in severe cases. Regular monitoring is essential for managing goiters effectively.