A "gmina" is the basic administrative unit in Poland, similar to a municipality or commune. It is responsible for local governance and provides essential services to its residents, such as education, public transportation, and waste management. Gminas can vary in size and population, ranging from urban areas to rural communities. There are three types of gminas: urban, rural, and urban-rural. Urban gminas consist entirely of cities, while rural gminas are made up of villages and countryside. Urban-rural gminas include both urban and rural areas, serving diverse populations and needs within a single administrative framework.