Glutamate is an important amino acid that acts as a neurotransmitter in the brain. It helps transmit signals between nerve cells, playing a key role in learning and memory. Found in many foods, such as cheese, tomatoes, and mushrooms, glutamate is also responsible for the savory taste known as umami. In addition to its role in the brain, glutamate is used in cooking as a flavor enhancer. Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is a common additive that boosts the umami flavor in dishes. While some people may have sensitivities to MSG, it is generally recognized as safe for most individuals.