Gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) is a group of rare tumors that develop from the cells that normally form the placenta during pregnancy. These tumors can arise after a normal pregnancy, miscarriage, or molar pregnancy, where abnormal tissue grows instead of a healthy embryo. GTN can be classified into different types, including choriocarcinoma and placental site trophoblastic tumor. GTN is characterized by the overproduction of trophoblastic cells, which can invade surrounding tissues and spread to other parts of the body. Symptoms may include abnormal bleeding, pelvic pain, and elevated levels of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) in the blood. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for effective management, often involving chemotherapy.