Genetik, or genetics, is the study of genes, heredity, and genetic variation in living organisms. It explores how traits and characteristics are passed from parents to offspring through DNA, the molecule that carries genetic information. Understanding genetics helps scientists learn about diseases, evolution, and the biological functions of different organisms. In genetics, key concepts include DNA, chromosomes, and genes. DNA is made up of sequences of nucleotides that encode the instructions for building proteins, which perform various functions in the body. Genes are specific segments of DNA that determine particular traits, while chromosomes are structures that organize and store DNA within cells.