Genetic therapy is a medical technique aimed at treating or preventing diseases by altering the genes inside a person's cells. This can involve adding, removing, or modifying genetic material to correct genetic disorders or enhance the body's ability to fight diseases. It holds promise for conditions like cystic fibrosis and certain types of cancer. There are two main types of genetic therapy: somatic gene therapy, which targets non-reproductive cells, and germline gene therapy, which affects reproductive cells and can be passed to future generations. While still largely experimental, genetic therapy has the potential to revolutionize medicine and improve patient outcomes.