Genetic materials are the molecules that carry the information necessary for the growth, development, and functioning of living organisms. The primary type of genetic material is DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid), which is structured as a double helix and contains sequences of nucleotides. These sequences encode the instructions for building proteins, which perform various functions in cells. Another important type of genetic material is RNA (ribonucleic acid), which plays a crucial role in translating the information stored in DNA into proteins. RNA can also have other functions, such as regulating gene expression. Together, DNA and RNA are essential for heredity and the biological processes that sustain life.