Gene editing techniques are methods used to alter the DNA of living organisms. One of the most well-known techniques is CRISPR-Cas9, which allows scientists to make precise changes to specific genes. This technology works like a pair of molecular scissors, cutting DNA at targeted locations, enabling the addition, removal, or alteration of genetic material. Another technique is TALENs (Transcription Activator-Like Effector Nucleases), which also targets specific DNA sequences for editing. Both CRISPR and TALENs have applications in medicine, agriculture, and research, offering potential solutions for genetic disorders and improving crop resilience.