Galactic dynamics is the study of the motion and behavior of stars, gas, and dark matter within galaxies. It focuses on how these components interact under the influence of gravity, leading to the formation and evolution of galaxies over time. This field helps scientists understand the structure of galaxies, including their rotation curves and the distribution of mass. Researchers use mathematical models and simulations to analyze the dynamics of galaxies, including spiral, elliptical, and irregular types. By studying phenomena such as galactic collisions and star formation, they gain insights into the life cycles of galaxies and the role of dark matter in shaping the universe.