gRPC is an open-source framework developed by Google that enables communication between applications in a fast and efficient manner. It uses a protocol called HTTP/2 to allow multiple requests and responses to be sent simultaneously over a single connection, improving performance. gRPC is designed for building microservices, making it easier for different services to communicate with each other. One of the key features of gRPC is its use of Protocol Buffers, a language-agnostic serialization format. This allows developers to define the structure of their data in a simple way, making it easier to share information between different programming languages. gRPC supports various languages, including Java, Python, and Go, making it versatile for different development environments.