"Fungal" refers to anything related to fungi, a diverse group of organisms that include molds, yeasts, and mushrooms. Fungi play essential roles in nature, such as breaking down organic matter and recycling nutrients in ecosystems. Some fungi are beneficial, like penicillin, an antibiotic derived from mold, while others can cause diseases in plants, animals, and humans. Fungi can be found in various environments, from soil to decaying wood. They reproduce through spores, which can spread easily through the air or water. Many people enjoy edible fungi, such as shiitake and portobello mushrooms, which are popular in cooking for their unique flavors and textures.