Fullerenes are a unique form of carbon molecules that take on a spherical, tubular, or ellipsoidal shape. The most well-known fullerene is C60, which resembles a soccer ball and is made up of 60 carbon atoms arranged in a pattern of hexagons and pentagons. These structures are part of a broader category of carbon allotropes, which also includes graphene and carbon nanotubes. Discovered in 1985, fullerenes have potential applications in various fields, including materials science, electronics, and medicine. Their unique properties, such as high strength and electrical conductivity, make them valuable for developing new technologies, including drug delivery systems and advanced materials.