Fowler flaps are a type of high-lift device used on aircraft wings to improve lift during takeoff and landing. They work by extending and moving the wing's trailing edge downward and forward, increasing the wing's surface area and changing its shape. This allows the aircraft to fly at slower speeds without stalling. These flaps are particularly beneficial for larger aircraft, such as those used in commercial aviation. By enhancing lift, Fowler flaps enable planes to operate safely on shorter runways and improve overall performance during critical phases of flight.