Aircraft aerodynamics is the study of how air interacts with an aircraft in flight. It involves understanding the forces of lift, drag, thrust, and weight that affect an aircraft's performance. Lift is generated by the wings as air flows over and under them, while drag is the resistance the aircraft faces as it moves through the air. The shape and design of an aircraft, known as its airfoil, play a crucial role in its aerodynamic efficiency. Engineers use principles of fluid dynamics to optimize these designs, ensuring that aircraft can fly smoothly and efficiently, minimizing fuel consumption and maximizing speed.